MATH - SCIENCE INTEGRATION CALCULATING FORCES OF MOTION Solving One Step Subtraction Problems In science, when you are using the formula for acceleration ( acceleration = (final velocity – initial velocity) / time ) you will solve these equations the same way you would in math class. Using the Calculator Subtraction Using the Calculator On the Ohio Graduation Test "OGT" you will be allowed to use the calculator provided for the test.  In this section you can review the basic operations with the calculator as well as how to input negative numbers and fractions. Negative Numbers Calculations To input a negative number you use the  key in the last row to the left of the  key. You input the number first then the  key. Warning: Do not use the subtraction key  for negative numbers. Example:  -75.93   Keystrokes:     Display:  -75.93   Fractions using Calculator With the OGT calculator you will use the fraction key  to perfrom operations with fractions, when you want a fractional answer.  It is in the third row and the fifth column.  This will allow you to input fractions, both proper and improper, and mixed numbers.  Your solution will be a proper fraction or mixed number but you can also change from a mixed number to an improper fraction. The OGT calculator will also reduce all fractions in your final answer so you do not have to worry about it.   Proper Fraction Calculations To input a proper fraction you input the numerator then the fraction key  then the denominator.   Example :  4/9   Key strokes:   Display:  4  9   Mixed Numbers Calculations To input a mixed number you input the integer then the fraction key ,the numerator then the fraction key , and then the denominator.     Example: 5 19/21   Keystrokes:     Display:  5_19  21   Improper Fractions Calculations You input an improper fraction the same way you do a proper fraction.  To input an improper fraction you input the numerator then the fraction key  then the denominator.  The calculator will turn it to a mixed number.   Example:  11/6   Keystrokes:     Display:  11  6   Hit any operation key and the calculator will convert the improper fraction to a mixed number.   Display:  1_5  6     Converting with Calculator

To convert between mixed numbers and improper fractions you will use the inverse key   which is the second key in the first row, and the fraction key  .

• Improper Fraction to Mixed Number Calculations
  

  Change 8/5 to a mixed number.

  Key strokes:

  Display:  1_3  5

  Mixed Number: 1  3/5

  To convert back to an improper fraction do not clear the display.

  Keystrokes:

  Display:  8  5

  
  

  
   
• Mixed number to Improper Fraction Calculations
  

  Convert 13 9/11 to an improper fraction.

  Key Strokes:

  Display:  152  11

  Improper Fraction:  152/11

  To convert back to a mixed number do not clear the display.

  Key strokes:

  Display:  13_ 9 11

  
  

  
   

Fraction to Decimal Calculations

If you need a decimal answer from a fraction, remember all fractions are division problems, so input it as a division problem.

Example:  Change 5/6 to a decimal

Keystrokes:

Display:  0.833333333

Read the directions from the problem to determine how many places you need after the decimal point.

 

Addition using Calculator

To add use the   which is in the seventh row and the fourth column.

 

• Integer Calculations
  

  -16 + 142 =

  Keystrokes:

  Display:  126

  
  

  
  
   
• Decimal Calculations
  

  4.9 + 17.83 =

  Keystrokes:

  Display:  22.73

  
  

  
   
• Fraction Calculations
  

  -7 9/17 + 14/23 =

  Keystrokes:

  Display:  8_54  391

  Mixed Number:  8 54/391

  To convert to an improper fraction, do not clear the display.

  Keystokes:

  Display:  3182  391

  Improper Fraction:  3182/391

  
  

  
   

Subtraction using Calculator

To subtract use the   which is in the seventh row and the fifth column. Warning: Do not use the  for subtraction.

 

• Integer Calculations
  

  -2 - 76 =

  Keystrokes:

  Display:  -78

  
  

  
   
• Decimal Calculations
  

  45.36 - (-24.7) =

  Keystrokes:

  Display:  70.06

  
  

  
   
• Fraction Calculations
  

  - 4/9 - 8/11 =

  Keystrokes:

  Display:  -1_17  99

  Mixed Number:   -1 17/99

  To convert to an improper fraction, do not clear the display.

  Keystokes:

  Display:  -116  99

  Improper Fraction:  -116/99

  
  

  
   

Subtraction

• Positive Integer Example
  

  x - 19 = 10

  can be rewritten as x + (-19) = 10

  Solve:  Add 19 to both sides of the equation

  x + (-19) + 19 = 10 + 19

  Solution:  -19 + 19 = 0

  so just x remains on the right hand side of the =

  10 + 19 = 29 so 29 is on the left hand side of the =

  x = 29

  Check:  Substitute 29 in for x in the original equation.  x -19 = 10

  29 - 19 = 10 and 10 = 10 so 29  is the correct answer.

  
  

  
  » See also: Negative Numbers Calculations
  » See also: Integer Calculations
   
• Negative Integer Example
  

  x - (- 23) = - 56

  can be rewitten as   x + 23 = - 56

  Solve:  Add - 23  to both sides of the equation

  x + 23 + (- 23) = - 56 + (- 23)

  Solution:  23 + (- 23) = 0

  so just x remains on the right hand side of the =

  - 56 + (- 23) = - 79 so - 79 is on the left hand side of the =

  x = - 79

  Check:  Substitute - 79 in for x in the original equation.

  x - (- 23) = - 56

  - 79 - (- 23) = -56 and -56 = - 56

  so - 79  is the correct answer.

  
  

  
  » See also: Integer Calculations
  » See also: Negative Numbers Calculations
   
• Practice Exercises
  

  Exercise 1:  x - 15 = 89

  Exercise 2:  x - (-7.63) = -92.56

  Exercise 3:  x - 6/11 = 4/15

  Hit next to check your answers.

  
  

  
  » See also: Addition using Calculator
   
  • Solutions
    

    Exercise 1:  Rewrite the problem as x + (-15) = 89

    Add 15 to both sides

    x = 104

    Exercise 2:  Rewrite the equation as x + 7.63 = -92.56

    Add -7.63 to both sides

    x = -100.19

    Exercise 3:  Rewrite the equation as x + (-6/11) = 4/15

    Add 6/11 to both sides

    x = 134/165